This unpleasant and even dangerous disease is considered the most popular pathology of the gastrointestinal tract among modern people. Often this is due to violations of the diet, but the wrong products themselves can cause its development. A diet for gastritis of the stomach is as important as drug treatment, and sometimes it is almost the only way to normalize the work of the gastrointestinal tract and prevent the disease from developing into a more dangerous and / or painful form.
what is gastritis
Gastritis is an inflammatory process that develops in the gastric mucosa. Due to its improper functioning, the digestion process is disrupted, various negative effects develop, and the mucosa gradually thins.
The cause of the disease can be many different factors that are not alien to a constantly busy modern person. Rushing during meals, grasping and poor chewing of hot or cold food, consumption of poor-quality or harmful food, fast, fatty, salty and smoked food in unlimited quantities, systematic eating disorders - all this can cause gastritis. In addition, insufficient amounts of protein and vitamins in food, long-term use of certain medications, constant stress, smoking and mindless excessive consumption of alcohol also become risk factors.
Rules of nutrition for gastritis
Properly organized nutrition plays a very important role in the treatment of this disease. It is very important to know the rules and follow all the subtleties of the diet for gastritis with high or low acidity, compiled by a doctor. There are some simple and clear rules that you will have to follow:
- All food must be chewed well, you cannot swallow food in pieces.
- It is advisable to organize your daily routine and eat by the hour. Ideally, meals should be portioned and portions should be small. It is better to eat 5-6 times, in portions of 200-250 grams, than three times 500-600.
- Between meals should be left 2, 5-3 hours and it is better to do the same intervals, if possible.
- Food should always be lukewarm, not hot or cold. The wrong temperature irritates the stomach lining, causing more inflammation.
- You must stop eating raw food. It is better when they have been heat treated, even when it comes to vegetables and fruits.
In addition, it is very important that the products are always fresh, cooking for future use with gastritis is undesirable and even dangerous.
What can you eat with gastritis?
- Hard bread, pastries and pastries in general.
- Boiled, steamed, boiled or baked vegetables (without rind).
- Cereal porridges crushed in milk or water (rice, oatmeal, semolina, buckwheat).
- Low-fat varieties of fish.
- Lean meats and non-roasted poultry (chicken, turkey, rabbit, veal).
- Non-acidic fruits, dishes from them (apples, bananas, pears).
- Low-fat milk and dairy products (up to 1. 5%).
- Vegetables and butter (no more than 20-30 grams per day).
- Pill, marshmallow.
- Natural honey (40-50 grams).
- Steamed eggs, as part of dishes or boiled (2 pieces per day).
It is very important for gastritis to observe the correct drinking regimen. It is necessary to consume 1. 5-2 liters of fluid per day, including juices, compotes and even soup. It is permissible to drink mineral water of a suitable composition recommended by a doctor.
What not to eat with gastritis
- Sausages and smoked sausages.
- Sausages and sausages.
- Roast.
- Fatty meat and fish.
- Acid fruits and berries.
- Beans.
- Fresh vegetables that have not undergone heat treatment.
- Preserves and pickles.
- Fat and acid dairy products.
- Barley, millet, unground cereals.
- Macaroni, pasta and noodles made with whole wheat flour.
- Fresh pastries and bread.
- Mushrooms.
- Nuts and seeds.
- Vinegar.
- Hot spices and sauces.
- Strong coffee, tea, carbonated drinks.
- Alcohol.
* The list of prohibited and permitted products may vary slightly, depending on the type of gastritis, therefore, to clarify the details, it is better to consult your doctor.
Diet number 1 for gastritis: principles and sample menu.
Such a system of nutrition is recommended for people suffering from acute gastritis. A similar conservation regimen is also prescribed for those with a stomach or duodenal ulcer. The principles and rules are the same as the previous ones. In addition, doctors advise reducing salt intake, since it not only retains fluids in the body, but also irritates the mucous membranes. The standard calorie content in this mode should not exceed 2800-3000 calories per day. Let's look at a sample menu for the day, for a deeper understanding of the problem:
- Breakfast: rice pudding porridge, soft-boiled egg, light tea with milk.
- Snack: sweet apples baked with honey or sugar.
- Lunch: vegetable cream soup, meatballs or steamed turkey meatballs, mashed potatoes with milk, non-acidic fruit mousse.
- Snack: croutons, rosehip broth.
- Dinner: vegetable stew allowed, fish allowed, baked with milk, weak tea with milk.
- Snack before bed: banana, milk.
Diet for chronic gastritis
When the disease turns into a chronic form, dietary restrictions become vital for the patient. Following a diet, you can prevent acute attacks of the disease, significantly improving the quality of life. For different degrees of acidity, the menu may be slightly different, so it is worth talking about each case separately.
Nutrition for chronic gastritis with low acidity.
The stomach begins to produce an insufficient amount of hydrochloric acid, the food is digested much worse. The body cannot extract from it all the nutrients and trace elements it needs. Not only the mucous membrane of the organ itself, but also all systems of our body can suffer from this.
Diet Principles
- It is preferable to consume pureed, liquid and pureed dishes.
- Acceptable consumption of acidic foods.
- During the remission period, you can eat foods fried in a small amount of oil.
- The temperature of the food can vary between +15-60 °C.
- The total caloric content of the diet per day should be 2500-3000 calories.
Permitted and prohibited products
With low-acid gastritis, the menu is not difficult to compose, because it includes a wide variety of products. The consumption of meat, sausages, blood sausages and sausages, pastries and bread, fish, vegetables and fruits, various cereals is allowed. Juices, compotes, kissels, broths, tea and coffee, dairy products and lactic acid derivatives may be included in the menu.
However, there are also limitations, for example, you will have to give up foods that are too fatty. It is undesirable to consume goose meat, pork, salmon, fried donuts, sweets with cream and sweets. Fermentation and flatulence should not be activated from the consumed vegetables, therefore it is better not to eat cabbage, beans, grapes, onions, garlic. In its pure form, milk is also not recommended, but as part of dishes or as an additive to tea or coffee, it will fit perfectly.
Nutrition for chronic gastritis with high acidity
With this type of disease, the stomach begins to produce an excessive amount of acid, which, as it were, "digests" the surrounding tissues, increasingly damaging the mucous membranes. Therefore, the menu should be much more sparse than in the previous case.
Diet Principles
- No spicy food. Anything that can irritate the mucous membranes is immediately removed.
- Products must be exclusively low-fat.
- Fried foods are completely excluded, all foods must be boiled, steamed or baked.
- It is better to mash products, clean before use.
- Meals should be frequent and divided, and the portions should be small.
- Daily salt intake can be increased to 8 grams.
- The caloric content per day should be in the range of 2200-2500 calories.
Permitted and prohibited products
The goal of a diet for such a disease is to make the menu as sparing as possible, but at the same time varied and nutritious. As in diet number 1, you will have to eat only boiled, steamed and baked vegetables, and choose only non-acidic fruits. They should also be boiled, and ideally mashed. The consumption of lean meats and fish is allowed, it is also convenient to grind them carefully.
Sour milk with increased acidity is prohibited, but dairy products must be present in the diet. Porridges are lightly cooked, cleaned if necessary, only weak meat broths are used for soups. It is better to refuse pickles, borscht, cabbage soup, okroshka and other sour dishes.
Diet for acute gastritis
Acute inflammation of the gastric mucosa can often be accompanied by severe pain and nausea. This phase requires immediate medical examination, lifestyle changes, and dietary changes. On the first day, it is better to completely abandon solid foods, even mashed foods, limiting yourself to drinking warm water or light tea.
For the second day, you can slowly consume the foods from the list of diet number 1. Then you can already prepare liquid, pasty or creamy soups, puree low-fat fish or meat, soft-boiled eggs. Fresh vegetables and fruits, as well as other products from the prohibited list, should not be consumed.
Diet for erosive gastritis
This type of gastritis is dangerous precisely because of the formation of ulcers on the mucosa, which can soon turn into full-fledged ulcers. In order to stop the symptoms and minimize the negative consequences, you will need to strictly follow the rules of nutrition:
- Fried, salted or smoked foods are not allowed, all dishes are only boiled, steamed or baked without crust.
- Fractional meals in small portions 5-6 times a day. The maximum weight of one meal is 170-180 grams.
- It is customary to drink a glass of warm water before meals.
- Sauces, hot spices, mayonnaise, dishes with flavor enhancers are completely excluded.
- Eat slowly, chewing each bite well.
- All foods should be lukewarm, not hot or cold.
The last meal should be set so that there are 2 hours left before bedtime.
Diet for atrophic gastritis
Diet for atrophic gastritis is the most important factor in the treatment process. It is better to take meals at the same time regularly. Otherwise, you will have to follow the same recommendations that have already been expressed for table No. 1 of the power supply system. You can consume all the products on the allowed list and reject the prohibited ones.
The food is eaten hot, pureed, steamed, boiled or baked. Fried and fatty foods are prohibited, as well as acidic, spicy and salty ones. Tobacco and alcoholic beverages are considered the main enemies of all types of gastritis, so it is best to abandon them forever so as not to cause an acute condition.